North of the Svalbard archipelago, where the Fram Strait narrows between Greenland and Spitsbergen, the ocean water does not freeze as it once did. Dropping a conductivity-temperature-depth rosette down two thousand meters into the ink-black water, oceanographers observe water three degrees Celsius warmer than the 30-year climatological baseline.
The Vanishing Thermocline: Dispatches from the Arctic’s 79th Parallel
Aboard the polar research vessel Kronprins, scientists document deep Atlantic warm-water pulses transforming high-latitude marine ecology and circumpolar jet dynamics.
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